Deletion and overstruck addition of text in antiquity

Traditional typographic representation

• Panciera, pp.18-19; Dohnicht, p.4:

  Letters, inscribed in place of earlier letters that have been erased, which are plainly or reasonably readable.

  1. <<abc>>
     (the added text can be clearly read)
  2. <<ABC>>
     (the added text can be clearly read, but those characters do not make sense)
  3. <<ạḅc̣>>
     (the added characters are degraded in some way that would render their identity ambiguous if encountered outside their present context)
• Panciera, p.19:

  Letters, inscribed in place of earlier letters that have been erased, which by virtue of damage to the surface or fracture, are wholly lost

  • <<[abc]>>
    (editor supplements lost added characters with full confidence; see: Editorial supplement for characters wholly lost)
  • <<[ · · · ]>>
    (editor cannot supplement lost added characters, but is certain of the number of missing characters; see: Letters completely lost)
  • <<[ · c.5 · ]>>
    (editor cannot supplement lost added characters, and is not fully certain of the number of missing characters, see: Letters completely lost)
  • <<[ - - - ]>>
    (editor cannot supplement lost added characters, and cannot be certain of the number of missing characters due to wide variation in the size of characters elsewhere in the inscription; see: Letters completely lost (extent less certain))
• Not explicitly addressed elsewhere:
  • legio XIII <<g>>emina
    (text has been added over a deletion, the added text can be clearly read and the deleted text is utterly unrecoverable)
  • legio XIII <<g>>emina
    (text has been added over a deletion, the added text can be clearly read and the deleted text can also be clearly read: a note would be added in the apparatus indicating that the original character was "f")