Dēmos · Classical Athenian Democracy · a Stoa Publication
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Foreign Policy: Sending Embassies.
Foreign Policy: Receiving Ambassadors.
Foreign Policy: General Issues.
Complaints about Religious Matters.
→ Disorderly Conduct, Corruption, and Manipulation.
The Dangers of Bad Government.
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Christopher W. Blackwell, edition of March 26, 2003
page 21 of 23
Read about the evidence
Aeschines (Aeschin. 3).
Aeschines (Aeschin. 1).
Aristotle (Aristot. Ath. Pol.).
Demosthenes (Dem. 17).
Demosthenes (Dem. 19).
Plot on a Map
Sparta.
Meetings of the Assembly were not always orderly affairs. Orators seem to have resorted to theatrics from time to time, such as in the 5th century when Cleophon came forward, drunk, wearing armor, and threatening anyone who wished to make an arrangement with Sparta (Aristot. Ath. Pol. 34.1). According to Aeschines, Demosthenes once threatened to drag away, by the hair, anyone who advocated peace with Philip (Aeschines explicitly compares this incident to Cleophon’s antics many years before) (Aeschin. 3.150). Aeschines also mentions Timarchus throwing off his clothes and leaping around “like a gymnast” to punctuate some point (Aeschin. 1.26). Aristotle blames the late 5th century politician Cleon for this sort of behavior, saying that he was the first to use “unseemly shouting and coarse abuse on the platform” (
Read about the evidence
Aeschines (Aeschin. 1).
Aeschines (Aeschin. 3).
There were laws against such behavior. Aeschines quotes a law that if anyone who spoke off subject, failed to speak on each proposition separately, spoke twice on the same subject on the same day, spoke abusively, interrupted, shouted disapproval, or laid hands on the Presiding Officials (
Read about the evidence
Aeschines (Aeschin. 1).
Aeschines (Aeschin. 2).
Aeschines (Aeschin. 3).
Misbehavior of a more serious kind was possible, as well, and was the subject of debate in the Assembly. Aeschines mentioned a decree, proposed by one Demophilus, that was to set certain punishments for attempts to bribe member of the Assembly (Aeschin. 1.86). Aeschines accuses Demosthenes of bribing “hirelings” (
Read about the evidence
Aeschines (Aeschin. 3).
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Delphi.
Short of bribery, but equally subject to accusations, complaints and condemnations by the orators, were efforts to manipulate the normal workings of the Assembly and the government generally. For example, Aeschines argues that Demosthenes proposed a decree sending ambassadors to Thermopylae and Delphi “the times appointed by our fathers” (
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