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A desire for something good, without any envy,[1] arising in the soul.[2] For instance, somebody has courage, I admire this man for his excellence: that is, I yearn to possess the good thing, not with envy of the one who has got it; rather, I too want to be courageous.
Appianus [writes]: “the main body of eight-hundred picked youths, ready for any kind of action, followed Dentatus, with the aim of rivalling for honour; and he was inflexible on the advice coming from the comitia”.[3]

Zêlos: agathou tinos epithumia phthonou tinos chôris enginomenê têi psuchêi. hoion, echei tis andreian, zêlô touton tês aretês: toutestin epithumô ktêsasthai to kalon, mê phthonêsas tôi kektêmenôi, alla kagô boulomenos andreios einai. Appianos: Dentatôi kata zêlon aretês heipeto neôn logadôn plêthos oktakosiôn epi panta ta erga hetoimoi: kai barus ên têi boulêi para tas ekklêsias.

More meanings of the noun ζῆλος , for which see already zeta 56.
[1] The meaning of ζῆλος is here clearly distinguished from φθόνος “envy” as in Ammonius Grammaticus, De adfinium vocabulorum differentia 211: “ζῆλος differs from φθόνος : ζῆλος is the imitation of something considered good arisen by the desire, φθόνος is the jealousy of the goods that other people own while we do not”. Nonetheless in many other cases both terms are used as synonyms.
[2] Lexicon in Orationes Gregorii Nazianzeni zeta178.
[3] Appianus, Samnitica fr.5.1. It refers to Manius Curius Dentatus (delta 222), consul in 290 BC, leading the Romans in the third Samnitic War and again in 275 and 274, during the war against Pyrrhus (whom he defeated in the battle of Beneventum) and the Lucani.

Catharine Roth (cosmetics) on 1 June 2005@15:45:43.
David Whitehead (tweaked translation; x-ref; another keyword; cosmetics on various levels) on 2 June 2005@02:59:23.

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