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Headword: Ἄβρα
Adler number: alpha,68
Translated headword: favorite
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
Not simply a maidservant nor even the pretty maidservant is called [favorite], but a daughter of one of the house slaves and an honored one, whether born in the house or not. Menander in False Heracles [writes]: "the mother of these two sisters is dead. A concubine of their father's, who used to be their mother's favorite slave, is bringing them up."[1] In Sikyonian: "he bought a beloved slave instead and did not hand the slave over to his wife, but kept her apart, as is appropriate for a free woman."[2] In Faithless One: "I thought if the old man got the gold, he'd get himself a favorite slave right away."[3]
Iamblichus [writes]: "since this was difficult and something of a rarity, with the [woman] housekeeper on guard and another favorite slave-woman also present, he persuades the daughter to run away without her parents' knowledge."[4]
Greek Original:
Ἄβρα: οὔτε ἁπλῶς θεράπαινα οὔτε ἡ εὔμορφος θεράπαινα λέγεται, ἀλλ' οἰκότριψ γυναικὸς κόρη καὶ ἔντιμος, εἴτε οἰκογενὴς εἴτε μή. Μένανδρος Ψευδηρακλεῖ: μήτηρ τέθνηκε ταῖν ἀδελφαῖν ταῖν δυεῖν ταύταιν. τρέφει δὲ παλλακή τις τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτὰς, ἄβρα τῆς μητρὸς αὐτῶν γενομένη. Σικυωνίῳ: καὶ ἄβραν γὰρ ἀντωνούμενος ἐρωμένην, ταύτῃ μὲν οὐ παρέδωκ' ἔχειν, τρέφειν δὲ χωρὶς, ὡς ἐλευθέρᾳ πρέπει. Ἀπίστῳ: ὤμην εἰ τὸ χρυσίον λάβοι ὁ γέρων, θεράπαιναν εὐθὺς ἠγορασμένην ἄβραν ἔσεσθαι. Ἰάμβλιχος: ἐπεὶ δὲ τοῦτο χαλεπὸν ἦν καὶ σπάνιόν τι τὸ τῆς οἰκουροῦ φυλαττούσης καὶ ἄβρας τινὸς ἄλλης συμπαρούσης, ἀναπείθει τὴν κόρην λαθοῦσαν τοὺς γονεῖς ἀποδρᾶναι.
Notes:
The main part of this entry is also in Photius; similar material occurs in other lexica.
LSJ uses the rough breathing (ἅβρα ) for the word it defines specifically as 'favorite slave'. See web address 1 below.
[1] Menander fr.520 Kock.
[2] Menander fr.438 Kock.
[3] Menander fr.64 Kock.
[4] Iamblichus, Babyloniaca fr.56 Habrich.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: comedy; daily life; definition; economics; ethics; gender and sexuality; philosophy; women
Translated by: Anne Mahoney on 26 August 1998@19:13:15.
Vetted by:
Shannon N. Byrne on 20 May 2000@18:59:03.
William Hutton (Cosmetics, added link) on 30 January 2001@23:04:27.
David Whitehead (added keyword) on 31 January 2001@04:33:38.
David Whitehead (added keywords; cosmetics) on 24 April 2002@03:20:49.
David Whitehead (another keyword; tweaks and cosmetics) on 15 August 2007@10:03:18.
Jennifer Benedict (cosmeticule) on 25 March 2008@11:26:46.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords) on 19 December 2011@09:03:54.

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