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Headword: Ἐκλεκτός
Adler number: epsilon,459
Translated headword: chosen, selected
Vetting Status: low
Translation:
With acute accent on the last syllable; but ἐπίλεκτος has acute accent on the antepenultimate. [This is] because the former is derived from the verb, the latter from the noun.[1]
Solomon says: "the hand of the chosen ones shall easily rule".[2] For ruling, perhaps, can also pertain to generally bad people, who restrain the physical instincts because of fear or shame, by means of a strong act of compulsion; on the other hand, not letting themselves be overpowered by the forces of the inferior because of love for the superior world is typical of people whom God loves and those whom Scipture calls "chosen ones".
Greek Original:
Ἐκλεκτός: ὀξυτόνως: ἐπίλεκτος δὲ προπαροξυτόνως. διότι τὸ μὲν ἐκ τοῦ ῥήματος, τὸ δὲ ἐκ τοῦ ὀνόματος συντέθειται. ὁ δὲ Σολομῶν φησι: χεὶρ ἐκλεκτῶν κρατήσει εὐχερῶς. τὸ μὲν γὰρ κρατεῖν ἐστιν ἴσως καὶ τῶν ἐπὶ πλεῖστον φαύλων ἢ φόβῳ ἢ αἰσχύνῃ τὴν διὰ τοῦ σώματος ἐνέργειαν κωλυόντων μετὰ πολλῆς τῆς ἀνάγκης, τὸ δὲ ἔρωτι τῶν ἄνω μὴ ἡττηθῆναι τοῖς κάτω μόνων ἐστὶ τῶν φιλοθέων καὶ οὓς ἡ γραφὴ ἐκλεκτοὺς ὠνόμασεν.
Notes:
[1] Verbal adjective from ἐκλέγω , "to choose". The same differentiation is pointed out at epsilon 2437, and at Et.Gud. 358.2ff. De Stefani and Et.Magn. 269.9ff.; cf. also Et.Magn. 569.22, Anecdota Oxoniensia 1.113.22. The form ἔκλεκτος occurs as a proper name in Cassius Dio and Herodian; as an adjective, it can be found in two alchemic texts (Fragm. Alch. 2.334.17; Moses 2.314.9 Berthelot-Ruelle). But cf. in the religious sense, Cyril of Alexandria, In duodecim prophetas 337.7. More common is the form ἐκλεκτός ; confusions in the manuscript sources between the two forms cannot be excluded.
We would regard both ἐκλεκτός and ἐπίλεκτος as verbal adjectives. According to Smyth (section 425c.N.), "Prepositional compounds in -τος denoting possibility generally accent the last syllable ... Such compounds as have the force of a perfect passive participle accent the antepenult ..." It would follow that ἐκλεκτός should mean "selectable, deserving to be selected."
[2] Bible quotation, from Proverbs 12.24.1, where the word is generally interpreted as "diligent".
Keywords: Christianity; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; ethics; proverbs; religion
Translated by: Antonella Ippolito on 19 April 2007@15:33:06.
Vetted by:
Catharine Roth (tweaked translation, set status) on 20 April 2007@19:26:41.
David Whitehead (supplied note number; other tweaks and cosmetics) on 22 April 2007@08:04:11.
Catharine Roth (augmented note) on 22 April 2007@17:08:25.
David Whitehead (cosmetics) on 23 April 2007@03:01:19.

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