The followers of Eratosthenes [said this was used] instead of ἔφη δ'ὅς ["he said"].[1] For this reason they put a rough breathing on the last [syllable]; for ὅς is used as an article.[2] And ἦ [is used] instead of ἔφη : "But we will wait, said Glaucon."[3] And ἦν δ'ἐγώ [is used] instead of ἔφην δὲ ἐγώ ["I said"]. Likewise Hermippus in Birth of Athena [writes] ἠσίν instead of φησίν : "Zeus says, 'I give many [women] their name.'"[4] And Aristarchus says that ἦ δ'ὅς [is used] instead of ἔφη δ'ὅς ["he said"], and ἦν δ'ἐγώ instead of ἔφην δ'ἐγώ . He said that ἦ was one of the archaic word-forms, and that Homer did not use it freely, nor make analogical forms from it: [he used it only] when it indicated the end of a speech, as in "He spoke, and [he nodded] with his dark eyebrows," and "He spoke, and [he shot an arrow] at Antinoos ..."[5] But [Aristarchus said] that those after Homer used it indiscriminately.[6]