A variant spelling of the headword exists, with accent on the penult, but the sense is dubious in either case (see Cunliffe, p. 273 and LSJ s.v.
μόρφνος, -ὁ ). The lemma and glosses (see n. 1-2) are evidently extracted from
Homer,
Iliad 24.316 (web address 1) and its
scholia, where the masculine accusative singular form of the headword,
μόρφνον (
dusky), appears as an epithet of the eagle; cf.
mu 1268 and Richardson, p. 305. As a substantive, though, the headword occurs at
Aristotle,
History of Animals 618b26. The change in accentuation from penult to ultima may indicate a change from adjective to substantive, respectively, in the word's usage (Chantraine s.v.
μόρφνος ).
[1] For the masculine accusative singular form of the headword,
Photius' Lexicon, Lexica Segueriana 303.22, the Synagoge,
Hesychius, and a scholion to
Homer,
Iliad 24.316 (see above) all provide the same gloss; cf.
Etymologicum Magnum 591.16 (Kallierges).
[2] cf. (e.g.) the
scholia to
Homer,
Iliad 24.316 (above) and
Etymologicum Magnum 591.22 (Kallierges). The term
μορόφονος occurs only in the explanations of this passage.
[3] The Suda appears to associate the ominous bird with a carrion eater; however, the reference at
Homer,
Iliad 24.316 (see above) is to a bird that is a
μόρφνον θηρητῆρα (
dusky hunter, masculine accusative singular). The one plausible identity for the bird, assuming the treasury-door imagery for the huge wingspread at
Homer,
Iliad 24.317-18 (web address 1) to be accurate, is the Golden Eagle,
Aquila chrysaetos (Richardson, pp. 305-6; Peterson, p. 77).
R.J. Cunliffe, A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect, Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1963
N. Richardson, The Iliad: A Commentary, vol. VI, gen. ed. G.S. Kirk, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993
P. Chantraine, Dictionnaire Étymologique de la Langue Grecque, Paris: Klincksieck, 1968-80
R.T. Peterson, G. Mountfort, and P.A.D. Hollom, A Field Guide to the Birds of Britain and Europe, 4th edn., Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1983
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