Among [the] Romans in the three-hundred-first year after the unification of the city,[1] when the office of consul had been abolished, ten law-drafters wielded the authority over the affairs of state. For a certain length of time, governing for the profit and pleasure of the citizens, they seemed moderate and to rule most advantageously of all. They wrote up the ten tablets from both native and Greek laws and set them up on the so-called crested stelae.[2] In the second year of their governance they were removed from office, after Appius[4] in particular had stirred the multitude up to hostility toward the decarchy; he intended to violate the daughter of a certain man Verenius,[4] well known for his martial accomplishments, being in the grip of a hot passion for the girl. Her father killed her with his own hand, for he feared the power of Appius would disgrace the girl once that man was roused up to use force. The entire army, moved by this, deposed the ten and forced them to pay the penalty for the misdeeds in their administration.
The Greek is literally 'law-drafters,
nomographoi, but the Latin is
decemviri ('committee of ten'), or, more fully,
decemviri consulari imperio legibus scribundis, 'the committee of ten with consular power for writing laws.' See generally A.Drummond in
OCD (edn.3) s.v. ''Decemvirates, First and Second' (p.435).
Though there are a number of Greek sources for this story, as well as Latin ones, the
Suda’s original cannot be determined.
[1] 451-450 BCE.
[2] For 'crested stelae,' an expression probably not appropriate in a Roman context, see
kappa 2744 and
kappa 2745. These ten tables would later be expanded to become the famous Twelve Tables. See the first link below.
[3] In full, Appius Claudius Crassus Inregillensis Sabinus, who was decemvir 451-449. See generally John Briscoe in
OCD (edn.3) s.v. 'Claudius Crassus Inregillensis Sabinus, Appius' (p.339).
[4] In other sources Vergenius, the 'g' softened to a 'y' sound before 'i' and 'e' by a process known as velar palatization, as in modern Greek, and then disappearing here. His daughter, unnamed here, is the Verginia (in unreformed Latin orthography, 'Virginia') made famous by Livy 3.44 f. See the second link below; also Tim Cornell in
OCD (edn.3) s.v. 'Verginia' (p.1588).
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