The compound was formed from words that signify many things; for it is built upon [the idea of] knowing the number of the sands. For the Pythia says foolishly that she knows the number of the sands: "I know the number of the sands and the measures of the sea."[1] And
Eupolis added to the meaning [of the word], saying "to count the sandhundred spectators."[2] The '-hundreds'[3] can be added to the word since it is an ending of the numbers from ten to a thousand; it signifies a great quantity, as in 'two hundred' 'three hundred' and so on. And 'abundance' [
gargara], too, is used in the sense of 'multitude' because of the similarity between 'g' and 'k'; it is said instead of 'indescribable' and 'countless'. 'Trembled' [
karkaire] is in the Poet: "the earth trembled under their feet".[4] Kratinos also mentions it: "the whole city abounds with noble men".[5] That is, with a multitude. Otherwise: like 'many' and 'countless'; for 'sandhundred' itself was used to describe a multitude. For instance, in
Eupolis'
Golden Race as follows: "to count the sandhundred spectators."[6] Arisen from the sand, arithmetically speaking. And 'abundance' was used in place of 'multitude'. As in
Limnai: "the whole hearth abounds with foreign men."[7] And in
Aristomenes in
Allies: "there is an abundance for us inside."[8] And in
Sophron: "the house abounds with silver-plate."[9] Also in tragedy: "abundance of money."[10] But some propose that what the Poet says, "the ground trembled [
karkaire] under their feet," refers to the multiple movements of the feet, that is, an abundance. Also that the crab [
karkinos] is so called because of the multitude of its feet.
From the
scholia to
Aristophanes,
Acharnians 3, where this nonsense-word occurs.
[1] Adler prints "[the] Pythios", and one manuscript has "Pythinos"; but "the Pythia" (the oracular priestess of
Apollo at
Delphi) is factually correct, as is clear from the source of this quotation,
Herodotus 1.47.2.
[2]
Eupolis fr.286 Kock.
[3] cf.
kappa 2135 (with double sigma).
[4]
Homer,
Iliad 20.157.
[5] Kratinos fr.290 Kock.
[6] See n.2 above.
[7]
Aristophanes fr.359 Kock, from the
Lemniai (sic).
[8]
Aristomenes fr.1 Kock.
[9]
Sophron fr.30 Kaibel.
[10] See Nauck, Tragica adespota, at fr.442.
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