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Headword:
Σάββατον
Adler number: sigma,6
Translated headword: sabbath
Vetting Status: high
Translation: Holiday, rest. But "second-first sabbath" [sc. is a phrase used] because it was the second [day] of the Passover and first [day] of the feast of unleavened cakes.[1] So if it is called sabbath, do not be surprised; for they call every holiday sabbath, and that is why they say "sabbath of sabbaths."[2]
The evangelist says "late in the sabbaths,"[3] not "in the sabbath," to indicate clearly the evening of that day; because they used to call the entire week sabbath. We too have the custom of saying, "he came late in the day," "late in time."[4] From this is made clear the lateness and earlyness of the week that is ending. Each week is completed at the setting of the sun after the sabbath.[5]
Greek Original:Σάββατον: ἀργία, κατάπαυσις. Σάββατον δὲ δευτερόπρωτον, ἐπειδὴ δεύτερον μὲν ἦν τοῦ Πάσχα, πρῶτον δὲ τῶν Ἀζύμων. εἰ οὖν σάββατον εἴρηται, μὴ θαυμάσῃς: σάββατον γὰρ πᾶσαν ἑορτὴν ἐκάλουν. καὶ διὰ τοῦτο εἴρηται σάββατον σαββάτων. ὀψὲ δὲ σαββάτων, καὶ οὐ σαββάτου λέγει ὁ Εὐαγγελιστής, διότι σάββατα πᾶσαν τὴν ἑβδομάδα ἔλεγον, ἵνα τὴν ἑσπέραν τῆς ἡμέρας ἐκείνης δηλώσῃ. καὶ γὰρ ἔθος ἐστὶν ἡμῖν λέγειν, ὀψὲ τῆς ὥρας ἦλθε: ὀψὲ τοῦ καιροῦ. ἐκ τούτου δηλοῦται τὸ πόρρω καὶ βραδὺ τῆς περαιωθείσης ἑβδομάδος. πληροῦται δὲ ἡ ἑβδομὰς ἑκάστη ταῖς μετὰ τὸ σάββατον ἡλίου δυσμαῖς.
Notes:
cf.
sigma 5,
sigma 7.
[1] This is a guess to explain the phrase in Luke 6:1, concerning which LSJ say "prob. corrupt ... (no expl. is satisfactory)".
[2] Isidore of Pelusium, epistle 3.110 (PG 78.816bc).
[3] Matthew 28:1.
[4] cf.
Demosthenes 21.84.
[5] In Byzantine reckoning, as still in the Orthodox Church, the day ends at sunset.
Keywords: Christianity; chronology; daily life; definition; food; religion; rhetoric
Translated by: Alex Gottesman on 13 May 2000@16:44:48.
Vetted by:Catharine Roth (modified translation, augmented notes, added keyword) on 7 November 2002@17:23:14.
David Whitehead (added keywords) on 11 November 2002@04:09:35.
Catharine Roth (modified translation, added note) on 11 November 2002@12:05:36.
Catharine Roth (added cross-references) on 13 November 2002@17:42:18.
David Whitehead (more keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 3 May 2011@07:57:52.
David Whitehead (tweaks and cosmetics; raised status) on 19 June 2011@06:46:22.
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