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Headword: Ξυήλην
Adler number: xi,91
Translated headword: knife, cheese-grater, xyele
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
What we call a ξυάλη .[1] Xenophon in Anabasis of Cyrus [writes]: "they had linen corslets as far as the abdomen, but, in place of the flaps, thick twisted cords. They also had [both greaves and] helmets, and a dagger about the belt the size of a Laconian ξυήλη ".[2] What Attic [writers call] a cheese-grater, κνῆστις , Laconians call a ξυήλη only. "And he grated the goat-cheese with a bronze κνῆστις ."[3] So while Attic [writers] use a verb, like "both to grate up and to eat",[4] Laconians [have] the noun ξυήλη . And as Xenophon says in the 4th [book] of Anabasis: that Dracontius fled from Sparta while still a boy, after killing a boy with a Laconian ξυήλη .[5] Hence the Dorians also say ξύειν for κνεῖν ,[6] and so does Sophron: "if someone should scrape back the scraper", and again "the chorus-leader is scraped".[7]
Greek Original:
Ξυήλην: ἣν ξυάλην λέγομεν. Ξενοφῶν Κύρου Ἀναβάσει: εἶχον δὲ θώρακας λινοῦς μέχρι τοῦ ἤτρου, ἀντὶ δὲ τῶν πτερύγων ὡς παρὰ τὰ πυκνὰ ἐστραμμένα. εἶχον δὲ καὶ κράνη, καὶ περὶ τὴν ζώνην μαχαίριον, ὅσον ξυήλη Λακωνική. ἣν Ἀττικοὶ κνῆστιν, Λάκωνες δὲ ξυήλην λέγουσι μόνον. ἐπὶ δ' αἴγειον κνῆ τυρὸν κνήστει χαλκείῃ. οἱ μὲν οὖν Ἀττικοὶ τὸ ῥῆμα οὕτως λέγουσι, κἀπικνεῖν κἀπεσθίειν, οἱ δὲ Λάκωνες τοὔνομα ξυήλην. ὡς καὶ Ξενοφῶν φησιν ἐν τῇ δ# τῆς Ἀναβάσεως, ὅτι Δρακόντιος ἔφυγεν ἐκ Σπάρτης παῖς ἔτι ὤν, ἀποκτείνας ξυήλῃ Λακωνικῇ παῖδα. διὰ τοῦτο δὲ καὶ τὸ κνεῖν οἱ Δωριεῖς ξύειν λέγουσιν: ὡς καὶ Σώφρων: ἄν τις τὸν ξύοντα ἀντιξύῃ. καὶ πάλιν: ξύεται ὁ χοραγός.
Notes:
[1] That is, the Doric form, xuAle rather than xuEle.
[2] Xenophon, Anabasis 4.7.15-16. Besides the omission indicated, the word "cords", σπάρτα , has been corrupted here to the nonsensical ὡς παρὰ . See web address 1.
[3] Homer, Iliad 11.639-640 (web address 2). (See M.L.West, "Grated cheese fit for heroes", JHS 118 (1998) pp.190-1.) For the basic point, implicit rather than explicit here, that a knestis can be a knife as well as a cheese-grater, see kappa 1871.
[4] Comica Adespota 722 Kock.
[5] Xenophon, Anabasis 4.8.25.
[6] That is, the verb meaning grate or scrape.
[7] Sophron frs.149-150 Kaibel; cf. tau 767.
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1
Web address 2
Keywords: biography; children; clothing; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; food; history; military affairs
Translated by: James L. P. Butrica † on 18 February 2000@12:29:30.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (modified translation and notes; added headword, further notes, keywords; cosmetics) on 19 January 2001@04:22:53.
Catharine Roth (restorative and other cosmetics) on 8 August 2007@22:56:48.
Catharine Roth (links, betacode, status) on 24 March 2008@00:23:47.
David Whitehead (more keywords) on 24 March 2008@04:37:04.

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