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Also found is '[Diomedeian] horse'.[1] A proverb, [stemming] from [Diomedes [Author, Myth]] the son of Tydeus or from the Thracian [Diomedes]. The latter compelled his guests to have intercourse with his daughters and then killed them. His daughters were disgraceful (and the horses are allegories for them). Others say that Diomedes and Odysseus were returning after stealing the Palladium. Odysseus, following behind, intended to kill Diomedes; but Diomedes saw the shadow of his sword in the moonlight and, out of fear, made Odysseus lead the way, poking him in the back with his sword.[2] The proverb is used to describe those who do something under compulsion. The reason for the proverb is this: because Diomedes had man-eating horses.
[Note] that[3] Diomedes on his homeward journey put in to his own land, but was not welcomed. He was chased out, and he went to Calabria[4] where he founded a city which he called Argyrippe; this has since changed its name to Beneventum.

*diomh/deios a)na/gkh. le/getai kai\ i(/ppos. paroimi/a, a)po\ tou= *tude/ws h)\ a)po\ tou= *qra|ko/s: o(\s h)na/gkaze tou\s ce/nous ai)sxrai=s ou)/sais tai=s qugatra/sin au)tou= mi/sgesqai [a(\s kai\ i(/ppous a)llhgorei=], ei)=ta a)nh/|rei. oi( de/, o(/ti *diomh/dhs kai\ *)odusseu\s to\ *palla/dion kle/yantes nukto\s e)panh/|esan. e(po/menos de\ o( *)odusseu\s to\n *diomh/dhn e)boulh/qh a)poktei=nai. e)n th=| selh/nh| de\ i)dw\n th\n skia\n tou= ci/fous o( *diomh/dhs, dei/sas to\n *)odusse/a e)poi/hse proa/gein pai/wn au)tou= tw=| ci/fei to\ meta/frenon. ta/ttetai de\ e)pi\ tw=n kat' a)na/gkhn ti pratto/ntwn. dia\ tou=to le/gei, o(/ti i(/ppous a)nqrwpofa/gous ei)=xen o( *diomh/dhs. o(/ti *diomh/dhs ei)s to\n a)po/ploun kataxqei\s ei)s ta\ i)/dia ou)k e)de/xqh, a)lla\ diwxqei\s a)ph=lqen ei)s *kalabri/an kai\ kti/zei po/lin, h(\n e)ka/lesen *)arguri/pphn, th\n metonomasqei=san *benebento/n.

For 'Diomedeian compulsion' see e.g. Aristophanes, Ecclesiazusae 1029; Plato, Republic 493D; Zenobius 3.8.
[By a slip, the SOL headword gives not this phrase but the opening of the gloss.]
[1] (This initial gloss, Adler reports, occurs in only two of the mss.) On the carnivorous horses of Diomedes [Author, Myth] -- the Thracian one about to be mentioned -- see generally OCD(4) 458, under 'Diomedes(1)'.
[2] cf. omicron 63, pi 34.
[3] This final paragraph is quoted from beta 237, cf. alpha 3791.
[4] In S Italy.

David Whitehead (augmented and modified notes; added keyword; cosmetics) on 26 March 2001@04:56:02.
David Whitehead (added x-ref; cosmetics) on 20 December 2002@05:47:01.
David Whitehead (modified translation; augmented notes and keywords; typo and other cosmetics) on 21 April 2004@04:35:59.
David Whitehead (more keywords; cosmetics) on 12 July 2012@05:10:39.
David Whitehead (updated a ref) on 3 August 2014@05:22:43.
David Whitehead (expanded primary note; tweaked tr) on 11 November 2015@04:09:09.

A lawcourt at Athens, where the Ephetai used to judge cases of involuntary homicide. For when Argives were sailing from Ilion and put in at Phaleron, the Athenians failed to recognize them and killed them. Later, once Akamas had discovered [this] and the Palladion had been found, they set up a lawcourt there in accordance with an oracle, as Phanodemos [relates].[1] Kleitodemos, however, says that after Agamemnon had been brought to Athens with the Palladion, Demophon stole the Palladion and killed many of the pursuers; and Agamemnon was displeased, and promised a judgement from fifty Athenians and fifty Argives, whom he called Ephetai because of the fact that making the judgement was entrusted [e)feqh=nai], to both groups.[2]

*)epi\ *palladi/w|: dikasth/rion *)aqh/nhsin, e)n w(=| oi( *)efe/tai a)kousi/ou fo/nou e)di/kazon. *)argei=oi ga\r a)po\ *)ili/ou ple/ontes, h(ni/ka prose/sxon *falh/rois, u(po\ *)aqhnai/wn a)gnoou/menoi a)nh|re/qhsan. u(/steron de\ *)aka/mantos gnwri/santos kai\ tou= *palladi/ou eu(reqe/ntos, kata\ xrhsmo\n au)to/qi to\ dikasth/rion a)pe/deican, w(s *fano/dhmos. *kleito/dhmos de/ fhsin, *)agame/mnonos su\n tw=| *palladi/w| prosenexqe/ntos *)aqh/nais, *dhmofw=nta a(rpa/sai to\ *palla/dion kai\ pollou\s tw=n diwko/ntwn a)nelei=n: tou= de\ *)agame/mnonos dusxerai/nontos, kri/sin u(posxei=n e)pi\ n# *)aqhnai/wn kai\ n# *)argei/wn, ou(\s *)efe/tas klhqh=nai, dia\ to\ par' a)mfote/rwn e)feqh=nai au)toi=s peri\ th=s kri/sews.

A modified and augmented version of the equivalent entry in Harpokration s.v., commenting on the occurrence of the headword phrase in Demosthenes 23.71 (and citing ?Aristotle, Athenaion Politeia 57.3). See also e.g. Pausanias 1.28.9.
[1] Phanodemos FGrH 325 F12.
[2] Klei(to)demos FGrH 323 F12. For the mysterious Ephetai cf. epsilon 3876, epsilon 3877, epsilon 3878. For the Palladion (in this concrete sense), pi 34.

Catharine Roth (cosmetics) on 3 July 2003@21:30:07.
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; cosmetics) on 4 July 2003@04:02:14.
David Whitehead (typo) on 2 May 2004@11:41:01.
David Whitehead (another x-ref; cosmetics) on 7 July 2011@09:41:12.
David Whitehead on 30 January 2016@03:38:17.

Romulus, after founding/building the Palatine, also founded the Capitoline, which is the head of the city; in it he also placed the Palladium, having taken it from the city of Sylva. It was called Satureion at first, but later Capitoline from the visible head of a freshly-slaughtered body buried in the foundations in the earth.

*kapitw/lion: o( *(rwmu/los meta\ to\ kti/sai to\ *pala/tion e)/ktise kai\ to\ *kapitw/lion, o(/ e)sti kefalh\ th=s po/lews: e)n w(=| kai\ to\ *palla/dion e)pe/qeto labw\n a)po\ po/lews *si/lbhs. *satou/reion de\ pro/teron e)kalei=to, u(/steron de\ *kapitw/lion e)k th=s fanei/shs o)ruttome/nwn tw=n qemeli/wn e)n th=| gh=| kefalh=s sw/matos neosfagou=s.

Also[1] [sc. attested is the phrase] *)odu/sseios mhxanh/ ["Odysseian contrivance"], [said] in reference to villains.[2]
"He ended his life by sinking to every Odysseian and crafty contrivance."[3]
"[As if] having surpassed some Odysseian and Themistoclean villainy."[4]
See concerning Odysseus' theft of the Palladium in the [entry on] "Diomedeian compulsion."[5]

*)odu/sseia. kai\ *)odu/sseios mhxanh/, e)pi\ tw=n panou/rgwn. o( de\ katadu\s ei)s pa=san *)odu/sseion kai\ polu/plokon mhxanh\n to\n bi/on h)/nue. kai\ au)=qis: *)odu/sseio/n tina kai\ *qemisto/kleion parelhluqw\s panourgi/an. zh/tei *)odusse/ws peri\ kloph=s *palladi/ou e)n tw=| *diomh/deios a)na/gkh.

[1] The nominative headword itself (also at omicron 251) is unglossed.
[2] Sounds proverbial, but not in the paroemiographers. See in any event the quotation which follows.
[3] Bernhardy attributed this quotation to Eunapius; cf. kappa 539.
[4] Attributed to Damascius, Life of Isidore fr.27 Zintzen (21 Asmus), and quoted at greater length at epsilon 3543; see the note there. For Themistocles see theta 124, theta 125, theta 126.
[5] Delta 1164.

David Whitehead (tweaked tr; augmented notes and keywords; cosmetics) on 5 February 2008@04:03:37.
Catharine Roth (typo) on 5 February 2008@11:13:30.
Catharine Roth (supplied omission in the translation, pointed out by Claude Desplanques) on 10 February 2008@17:34:39.
David Whitehead (tweaked tr) on 24 February 2008@04:30:34.
William Hutton (modified note, raised status) on 25 February 2008@07:10:13.
David Whitehead (tweaked a note) on 7 November 2012@05:33:17.

This was a small wooden figure, which they used to say was enchanted, guarding the kingdom of Troy; it was given to King Tros, when he was founding the city, by Asios, a certain philosopher and priest;[1] hence, no doubt, it was to honour Asios that he named Asia the territory over which he was king, previously called Epeiros. But those who wrote poems [sc. about this] said that this palladion [came] out of the sky and was taken back to Tros when he was ruling the Phrygians. Diomedes [Author, Myth] and Odysseus, when they made their embassy to Priam,[2] stole this from the temple; they had been given it beforehand by Theano, the wife of Antenor [Author, Myth],[3] who happened to be a priestess and its guardian; for they learned from an oracle and Antenor that as long as the palladion remained in Troy the kingdom of the Phrygians would be unshaken. Great dissension therefore arose between Ajax and Odysseus, [about] who would take this back to their own country, with the other kings and leaders adjudicating between them. Much discussion was generated and, as evening came on, they reached a decision to entrust the image to Diomedes until the following morning. And that is what happened; but during the night Ajax was found mysteriously murdered. The suspicion was that Odysseus had killed him by deceit. And after quarrelling with each other they sailed away.
See in the [entry] 'Diomedean compulsion'.[4]

*palla/dion: tou=to h)=n zw/|dion mikro\n cu/linon, o(\ e)/legon ei)=nai tetelesme/non, fula/tton th\n basilei/an th=s *troi/as: e)do/qh de\ *trwi\+ tw=| basilei= kti/zonti th\n po/lin u(po\ *)asi/ou tino\s filoso/fou kai\ telestou=: dio\ dh\ ei)s timh\n *)asi/ou th\n u(p' au)tou= basileuome/nhn xw/ran pro/teron *)/hpeiron legome/nhn *)asi/an e)ka/lesen. oi( de\ poihtikw=s gra/yantes e)k tou= a)e/ros ei)=pon to\ palla/dion tou=to katenexqh=nai tw=| *trwi\+ basileu/onti *frugw=n. tou=to *diomh/dhs kai\ *)odusseu/s, o(/te th\n presbei/an e)poih/santo pro\s *pri/amon, e)k tou= i(erou= e)su/lhsan, prodedwkui/as au)to\ *qeanou=s th=s tou= *)anth/noros gunaiko/s, i(erei/as tugxanou/shs kai\ fulattou/shs au)to/: h)=san ga\r a)po\ xrhsmou= kai\ *)anth/noros maqo/ntes, o(/ti e(/ws ou(= menei= to\ palla/dion e)n th=| *troi/a|, a)sa/leutos e)/stai h( basilei/a tw=n *frugw=n. pollh\ toi/nun metacu\ *ai)/antos kai\ *)odusse/ws e)kinh/qh e)/ris, ti/s tou=to ei)s th\n i)di/an a)pene/gkoi patri/da, dikazo/ntwn au)toi=s tw=n a)/llwn basile/wn kai\ proma/xwn. pollw=n toi/nun metacu\ lo/gwn kinhqe/ntwn, kai\ genome/nhs o)yi/as, e)/docen au)toi=s paraqe/sqai to\ bre/tas *diomh/dei, me/xris a)\n ge/nhtai prwi/+. kai\ tou/tou genome/nou, dia\ th=s nukto\s eu(re/qh o( *ai)/as e)sfagme/nos a)dh/lws. u(peno/oun de\ do/lw| fo- neu=sai au)to\n to\n *)odusse/a. kai\ filoneikh/santes pro\s a)llh/lous a)pe/pleusan. zh/tei e)n tw=| *diomh/deios a)na/gkh.

See generally OCD4 s.v. Palladium. The present entry's material (part of which also occurs in the scholia to Homer, Iliad 6.311, on the name Pallas Athene) is paralleled in late-antique historiography: John of Antioch, John Malalas, etc.
[1] cf. alpha 4149.
[2] pi 2274.
[3] alpha 2647.
[4] delta 1164.

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